Copy this page onto a new page in your online notebook. To get an overview of the origins of the Cold War, begin by reading Allies to Enemies: Origins of the Cold War from ABC-CLIO.Use pages 794-799 in Creating America and“The Cold War” research list on ABC-CLIOtodevelop a complete descriptionfor each event or idea from the early years of the Cold War.This information will help set the stage for tomorrow's activity. Use the first entry as an example for detail.
THE YALTA CONFERENCE
Meeting near the end of WWII - big 3 meet to discuss post war Europe
Germany will be divided, controlled by the Allies
Liberated Eastern European countries will have new elections
United Nations will be formed
USSR is given great influence over Eastern Europe, and new government must be "Soviet freindly"
the roots of the Cold War are established
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THE UNITED NATIONS
The U.S. appealed to the U.N. to stop Communist move into South Korea.
UN forces pushed the North Korean forces northward toward Yalu river (boundary separating China from North Korea).
China saw movement of UN forces as a threat. They warned UN forces to stop or it would cause a war. UN ignored and Chinese Communist troops attacked UN troops and pushed them back into South Korea.
CONTAINMENT
Goal is to stop the spread of Communism
U.S. would work in military and nonmilitary ways to contain communism
Tried to limit the physical growth of the Soviet Union's territory and limit it's idealogical influence
George Kenean
George Kenean
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THE TRUMAN DOCTRINE
Promised aid to the people struggling to resist threats to democratic freedom
Gave active role to U.S. in stopping spread of communism
Especially referred to Greece and Turkey who needed economic aid to hold off communism
Congress gave about $400 million to the two countries
Thought that USSR was funding communist movements there and U.S. needed to fund anticommunist movements
THE MARSHALL PLAN
A plan to revive the war-torn economies of Europe
Offered $13 billion in aid to Western and Southern Europe in hope to stop the spread of communism
Helped nations of Europe rebuild
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THE BERLIN BLOCKADE AND AIRLIFT
Berlin was still held by the Soviet Union
In 1948, Stalin hoped to make the Western powers abandon the city. His forces blocked acces to Berlin
Truman responded by sending a huge airlift of food and supplies to the city. It kept supplying for nearly a year.
In 1949, Stalin called off the blockade and by May of that year, Germany had been divided into communist East Germany and democratic West Germany.
277,264 flights were made into Berlin carrying 2,343,315 tons of food and coal.
NATO AND THE WARSAW PACT
In 1948, there was an alarm over communist control of Eastern Europe, which led to the formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). The alliance included the U.S., Canada, and ten Western European nations.
In response, the Soviet Union and Eastern European nations formed the Warsaw Pact.
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THE RED SCARE, THE ROSENBERGS, AND HUAC
Americans were particularly concerned with the rise of communism.
Americans feared communism would take over the government
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were arrested with the belief that they had provided Russia with secrets of the atomic bomb. They were electrocuted.
The HUAC was formed to investigate communist activity in the U.S. within the entertainment industry.Several people's careers were ruined.
COMMUNISM IN CHINA* In September 1949, the Communists defeated the anticommunist Nationalists in the civil war in China.
The Nationalist government fled and the Communists took over.
Americans blamed the State Department for failing to stop the Communist revolution.
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THE KOREAN WAR
No need to take notes - you will have a different assignment and activity
MCCARTHYISM
McCarthyism came to stand for reckless charges against innocent citizens.
MacCarthy's claim of having 205 State Department officilas who were Communists launched a hunt for Communists that ruined the careers of thousands of people.
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THE SPACE RACE
Started in 1957 between the Soviet Union and the U.S..
The Soviet Union launched the world's first space satellite. The Soviet Union had a missile powerful enough to reach the U.S.. American scientists raced to launch a satellite.
Congress set aside billions of dollars for space research
No need to take notes - you will have a different assignment and activity